Ethnic Group Essay Example for Free

Ethnic Group Essay In this essay, I write about ethnic group and why we cannot define an ethnic group by their cultural elements such as language, religion, customs and so on. I write this essay because there is a question about why we cannot define an ethnic group by their culture, whereas culture are one elements of an ethnic. There is problem of seeing ethnic groups as cultural groups; â€Å"the mere fact that two groups of people are of different culture does not necessarily imply – as has nearly always been assumed – that they belong to two quite different social systems (Leach 1954: 17), â€Å"Someone is Lue by virtue of believing and calling himself Lue and of acting in ways that validate his Lueness† (Moerman, 1965:1219), First of all, I want to tell what is ethnic group. Before ethnic groups, anthropologies who study colonial subject and society called society they studied as ‘tribe’ and people they studied as â€Å"tribal people†. The word â€Å"tribe† was replaced by the word â€Å"ethnic groups† by the 1960s because; a tribal society is not as isolated as being assumed, tribal societies interact with one another, and the word tribe reflects Eurocentric views, a sharp qualitative distinction between ourselves and the people we study. There is a problem when we seeing ethnic groups as cultural groups because there will be a different in their practice. For an example, ethnic Java Banyumasan or Banyumas at Indonesia with Orang Jawa of Malaysia. Basically, they are an specific ethnic. But due to geographical differences for example, they have different practice, language, religion and others. In the field of demography, we can see Jawa Banyumasan usually live in the southwest of Central Java. Technically, Jawa Banyumasan is one of the subgroups of the Jawa people groups, but they have their own cultural variations which differ from other Jawa peoples. While The Orang Jawa, (Jawa of Malaysia) has migrated from Central Java, where the same place of Jawa Banyumasan, to Malaysia. This migrations due to Dutch colonization at Indonesia from 1880 to 1930. The Orang Jawa live in peninsular Malaysia in parts of Johor, Malacca, Perak, Selangor, and Kedah. Jawa Banyumasan have typical Javanese dialect. Usually, easy for Jawa Banyumasan to understand conversations with other Jawa dialects. Level of javanese are likely family tree. The higher you go the more similarity or standardization there is. But the lower you go the more variety. However, many other Jawa groups difficult to understand the Banyumasan dialect because of the widespread of Banyumasan vocabulary. While the younger Orang Jawa who use Jawa language being less among them. Most of them cannot remember how to speak it or never learned about it. In their daily live, Most of the Java’s Banyumasan live as a farmer. When we compare with other tribe in Indonesia, Banyumasan have an advance in the way they farm. Other than have a fertile soil, they cultivate the land well and they also have modern equipment to do their farming. Banyumasan also have their own small industries for example woven bamboo and brown sugar. To meet other needs, this commodity is sold to other regions. For Orang Jawa (Malaysia), their new generations who live in city have assimilated with the general Malay culture. Now they also work as a bankers, pilots, accountants, politicians, and also engineers. They well known as a efficient and industrious people. In Selangor, some of Orang Jawa work as a Islamic religious teacher. Orang Jawa who live in villages, they still maintains their identity and traditions. People who are not Jawa but come from other Malay group, when they married with Orang Jawa, they also claimed or called themselves as Orang Jawa, or Jawa Peranakan. Other than grown up their own vegetables, and livestock, they also involved in tourism activities by make their way of life as a tourist attraction. Orang jawa well known as a friendly people. They usually will invite visitors to share meal with their families even though they often have a large family with some having between 10 to 17 children. Marital affairs is a big thing to Orang Jawa. Sometimes, they celebrate marriages last up to three days. Giving gift to the newlyweds are also a common thing for Orang Jawa. They more to help each other rather than during weddings rather than receive a larges sum of money. In their belief, or religion, majority of Java’s Banyumas are Muslims. However, around 80% of them are â€Å"Muslim identity card† (abangan). While the other 20% were devout Muslim (students), who are pious Muslim and lead Islamic teaching seriously. Other than that, some of Java’s Banyumas still believe in animism. They also believe with spirits such as bujungan, jangkrong, and dhemit. Places like grave, mountains, caves and sea it is considered sacred. When they sick or being disturbed by spirits, they will using shaman to help them. They often hold ceremonies with mantras and offerings to their areas protected by disasters. While the Orang Jawa are usually Sunni Muslims. During wedding ceremonies and circumcision, they perform the jedur, a songs of praise to the Prophet of Muhammad which have been compiled in a book called Silawatan. They will also perform the kempling, a type of dance to giving praise to Allah during religious occasions. During the performance, they will use tools where made of lambs wool and wood. Before and after the dance, Quran is being read. It takes a group of ten to twenty people to perform it. The kempling performance is a time for people to get together to build ethnic solidarity and unity. They also will share problem to the other members during the performance. As a conclusion, due to differences in their cultural elements such as language, religion, customs, way of life and so on, we cannot define an ethnic group by their culture. The cultural boundaries do not always correspond with ethnic boundaries. Like Edmund Leach, Political systems of Highland Burma: A study of Kachin Social Structure (1954) said; â€Å"the mere fact that two groups of people are of different culture does not necessarily imply – as has nearly always been assumed – that they belong to two quite different social systems (Leach 1954: 17) Assuming that ethnic groups are cultural groups will fail to address various aspects of ethnic phenomena. † Other than that, Ethnic groups cannot be defined by culture. An ethnic group is a group of people who believe that they share the same ancestry, history, cultural traits such as language and religion which are distinct from other groups.

We Need Censorship :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

We Need Censorship It won't kill us to make limits, but it might if we don't. That is why it is JUSTIFIABLE to limit adult's freedom of expression--it is in our, society's, best interests to protect the children. Lional Tate is just one example of a child gone bad because of the media. Tate mimicked his idol the Rock, killing a six-year old girl by smashing her skull, pulverizing her liver, breaking her ribs and causing numerous cuts and bruises. If that's not enough of an example what about the teen from New Jersey who simply listened to Ozzy Osborne's "Suicide Solution" and killed himself? These are not random occurrences, we hear about them on the news frequently. If our freedom of expression is harming kids why can't we fix the problem by not allowing them access to it? Argument one, People, especially children are very susceptible to being influenced by what they watch or see happen throughout their lives. "Monkey see, Monkey do." Everyone has heard this phrase sometime in his or her life. This phrase is simple, yet very applicable to today's debate. When a child sees someone or something doing something. They will of course follow suit and imitate the action being performed. Children do not know any better. Therefore they are innocent and deserve to be respected. It is for these following reasons that we argue for the censorship of harmful materials that could influence a child or children into violent acts, expressions, and other dangerous actions. Through television, video games, and movies, children and teens view countless acts of violence, brutality, and terror as part of entertainment. They become conditioned to associating violence with entertainment. First-person shooter video games develop our children's skills in operating weapons. The games reward marksmanship, and further reinforce the association of killing with entertainment. In the past, the heroes of movie and television shows were usually people who strictly followed the law. Now, heroes are often people who take the law into their own hands, who see an injustice or evil and seek to rectify it personally, sometimes brutally, regardless of the consequences. Such portrayals signal, to a child, society's approval of that behavior.

Iv Therapy

Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is when a patient is given liquid substances directly into a vein. The word intravenous means â€Å"within a vein†. Therapies administered intravenously are often called specialty pharmaceuticals. IV therapy is commonly referred to as a drip because many of the ways it is administered use a drip chamber, which prevents air entering the blood stream and allows an idea of how much is flowing in to your body. Compared with other ways of administration the intravenous route is the fastest way to deliver fluids and medications throughout the body.Some medications, as well as blood transfusions and lethal injections, can only be given intravenously. The simplest form of IV therapy is given through a hypodermic needle. This kind of needle is hollow and allows for the drip to be administered directly to the vein. The needle can be directly attached to a syringe or even to tubing that may be attached to a drip of whatever medication is needed. The need le is usually put into a peripheral vein, this is any vein not in the chest or abdomen. Any easily accessible vein can be used but most commonly veins in the hand or arm are used.In infants it is common to use the veins in the scalp. Central IV lines flow through a catheter with its tip within a large vein, usually the superior vena cava, or inferior vena cava, or within the right atrium of the heart. This has several advantages over a peripheral IV. It can deliver fluids and medications that would be too irritating to peripheral veins because of their concentration or chemical composition. These include some chemotherapy drugs. Medications reach the heart immediately, and are quickly distributed to the rest of the body.However central IV’s run a higher risk of giving you an infection, causing bleeding, and possibly even causing gangrene. A common reason to be hooked up to an IV is for dehydration therapy. Those unable or unwilling to drink or who have repetitive vomiting can receive fluid replacement IV. You are hooked up to a drip and your fluids and electrolytes are replaced through the IV in your hand or arm. There are two types of fluids that are used for intravenous drips; crystalloids and colloids. Crystalloids are aqueous solutions of mineral salts or other water-soluble molecules.Colloids contain larger insoluble molecules, such as gelatin; blood itself is a colloid. The most commonly used crystalloid fluid is normal saline, a solution of sodium chloride at 0. 9% concentration, which is close to the concentration in the blood. Ringer’s lactate or Ringer's acetate is another isotonic solution often used for large-volume fluid replacement. A solution of 5% dextrose in water, sometimes called D5W, is often used instead if the patient is at risk for having low blood sugar or high sodium. The choice of fluids may also depend on the chemical properties of the medications being given.

Seven-Headed Luther Machiavelli The Prince - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 685 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/07/26 Category People Essay Level High school Topics: Niccolo Machiavelli Essay Did you like this example? Print and Political Cartoons are heavily associated with the Reformation. It fueled the balance of the Protestant Cause. For the Protestants, Print was a very impactful way of opposing the Church and State power. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Seven-Headed Luther Machiavelli The Prince" essay for you Create order It was used to spread ideas, beliefs, spread the word of God and build public opinion. Martin Luther was a very important part of the Protestant Reformation. He was a German Monk who became the most influential and controversial person of Christianity. He opposed the Catholic Church and made it know to the general public. He gathered many followers and was backed up by his people. He criticized the Roman Catholic Church and wanted the word of God to dictate affairs and not the Pope. This created a rift that separated the Roman Catholic Church and Protestants. However, Print was not only used by the Protestants. The Roman Catholics made use of it to counter the exposure of its own corruption. One Major Political Cartoon they created was the Seven Headed Luther. This Political Cartoon appeared in the early 1520s. A very famous cartoon it was the title page of the Pamphlet written by Johann Cochleus. This was a shot at the Protestants Martin Luther. They Represented Luther as the dragon of the apocalypse or as an AntiChrist mentioned in the Bible. The creator of this Political Cartoon is thought to be a man by the name of Hans Brosamer. The seven heads had symbols and meanings and they arent just there for no reason. They are a Doctor, shown by the head with a doctors cap. A saint shown by the head of a monk. an unfaithful or infidal which could be referring to the turks which Western Europe lived in constant fear of invasion. a priest who preaches what the mob wants to hear. a fanatic with his hair surrounded by hornets. A church supervisor thought to be a new office reviving old laws. And Barrabas, the robber released by pilate instead of Christ, thought to be the wild german man with a club.Luther is shown as reading a book that is as diverse as the seven heads. This hit the protes tants hard and gave the catholics the upper hand of the propaganda war at the time. People from the Catholic Church viewed Luther as a antichrist and proclaimed him to be a sign of the apocalypse. The audience of this political cartoon are the Protestants and their followers. This cartoon was created to counter propaganda attacks from Luther and his followers, and in response of Hans Brosamer and the Catholic Church , they decided to put out this piece. This Political Cartoon makes an effective image, however, it does not have the creative brilliance of the one made against the Catholic Church. Another reason that this cartoon was released was to protect the Catholic church and to establish security and boundaries. Also to take a stance against the Protestant Reformation and to oppose of it. This information is accurate because it was released to the general public in a woodcut piece and spread throughout the cities. It may not be an accurate description of Luther and is over the top to call someone an Antichrist, however the catholic church viewed Luther as that way. This Political Cartoon is unique because it had deep symbols and was directly targeted at Luther. The Creator of this political cartoon must have took a while to develop this piece and was really determined. It was unique because the Protestants were not expecting this kind of response and outright harsh propaganda. This Cartoon tells me that there was a time of conflict and contradiction in the Protestant Reformation. Luther and his followers were facing a giant Catholic Church and would have to be at their best if they wanted to separate from the catholic church. This cartoon showed me that the war of propaganda was fierce and the protestants really opposed the Catholic Pope. Their belief is God o ver a man, that god and his books should rule the people and not a man who benefits wealth and praise when he should not.