Globalizing the Cost of Capital and Capital Budgeting at AES Essay

irresolution 1 Explain and comment on the superior budgeting mode utilised historic all in all(a)y by AES. Is there a impoverishment for change? Explain.Question 2 If Venerus implements the suggested systemology, what bequeath be the localizeed fire post for the Red Oak cast (USA) and the Lal Plr get a line (Pakistan)?Question 3 Calculate the solution that a revision of its apostrophize of outstanding will have on the Lal Plr starts NPV. Comment on the results.Q.1At the AES corporation nifty budgeting was historically a very simple method, that was utilise for all projects being examined, regard slight of geographical location. This method entailed 4 rules which were all recourse debt was deemed good, the economic science of a minded(p) project were evaluated at an equity discount step for the dividends from the project, all dividend flows were considered lively take a chanceinessy, and a 12% discount rate was used for all projects.This method worked flawlessl y when implemented in the U.S., only when it began being applied to international projects, it was bighearted the comp some(prenominal) unrealistic NPV reputes. While whatsoever concern existed, having no alternative, they continued to use the original method. By flunk to take over into account increased WACC, currency take a chance, policy-making happen, and sovereign essay, the company had developed projects that began failing in the early 2000s. The mistake by the company destroyed its stock expense and market capization, losing cardinals of stockholders equity in the process.The debt mental synthesis caused signifi fecal mattert currency risk for twain the parent AES and its subsidiaries. As shown in confront 6, debt was denominated in USD for the subsidiaries, while they were bringing in revenues in foreign currencies. The parent companies alike lost cash flows when depreciation occurred since the cash made by subsidiaries was worth easily less, after devalua tions of foreign currencies. One much(prenominal) example is the Argentinean peso, when it lost 40% of its value on its first day of craft as a float.With much(prenominal) coarse oversights by management, and dramatic realizations of differing risk levels crossways markets, its kinda apparent AES moldiness make a change to its capital budgeting social structure, if it is to survive.Q.2If Venerus and AES implement the suggested methodology, the projects would change drastically due to a change in WACC. To observe WACC we must(prenominal) first calculate the leveraged betas for to individually one the US Red Oak and Lal Plr Pakistan projects, the concernity unleveled beta/1-(debt to capital) will be used. The unleveled beta can be plant in exhibit 7b, and is .25 for both projects. The debt to capital ratios can be build in exhibit 7a, for the U.S. it is 39.5%, and for Pakistan it is 35.1%. By plugging the numbers into the equation a leveraged beta can be found for t he U.S. it is .41, and for Pakistan it is .3852.The next step would be to have the cost of capital which is ultimately opposite for each country, nevertheless uses the U.S. risk justify and risk premium rates, because all debt is financed in USD. The cost of capital is equal to U.S. T-bill+ leveraged beta (U.S. risk premium). For the U.S. project it is 4.5%+.41(7%) which is equal to 7.37%. For the Pakistan project it is 4.5%+.3852(7%) which is equal to 7.2%.Now the cost of debt must be found, by utilize the code U.S. t-bill+ default spread. Both the U.S. and Pakistan projects have equal spreads of 3.47%, therefore both comport the homogeneous cost of debt. Plugging in the numbers you have, 4.5%+3.47% which is equal to 8.07%. This clearly does not make hotshot given the vast differences in the markets structure of each country, the political risk involved. To adjust for these factors the sovereign risk must be taken into account, which can be found in exhibit 7a.The sovereig n risk for the U.S. is as expected 0%, but for Pakistan is a staggering 9.9%. To reevaluate the cost of capital and cost of debt the sovereign risk is added to them. This results in the U.S.s being aeonian and Pakistans cost of capital rising slope to 17.1% and its cost of debt rising to 17.97%. Finally with everything else metric its practical to calculate the WACC, using the formula given on pageboy 7. It consists of leveraged beta (cost of capital) + Debt to capital (cost of debt) (1-tax rate). For the U.S. WACC= 6.48%, and for Pakistan WACC= 15.93%. (Equation with numbers shown on attached page) The final step is to over again further adjust the WACC according to its risk score, found on page 9 and exhibit 7a. use the summation of the lashings multiplied by the given weights the risk score is calculated. (Shown on page 9 of the case). The U.S. risk score is rentd to be 0, since everything is in USD and the U.S. projects WACC is already accounting for the risk. The Pakist an risk premium is calculated to be 1.425, and with each point equaling d basis points, 1.425*500= 705bp= 7.05%. This number is directly tacked onto the existing Pakistan WACC to arise out with 15.96%+7.05%= 23%, which is the final WACC deliberateness for the project. By taking into many to a greater extent than factors than previous models allowed it is clear that the WACC for both the U.S. and Pakistan projects greatly differ from the 12% standard used historically. The U.S. project suddenly looks much more favorable, while the Pakistan project is unlikely to be accepted with such a lofty weighted average cost of capital attached to it.Q.3Using the cash flows given in exhibit 12 it is possible to calculate the NPV for the projects, and change the cost of capital in the Pakistan project to explore the effects. Using excel to calculate the cash flows (shown on separate sheet) at the original 12% discount rate, the 23.1% for Pakistan, and 6.45% for the U.S. it is easy to compare the differences in NPV. The original 12% discount would repay a NPV of $505.51 million, the Pakistan 23.1% discount rate would yield a $290.83 million NPV, and the 6.45% U.S. discount rate would yield a $744.08 million NPV. It is quite apparent that the Pakistan projects NPV suffers greatly from its high WACC, access in $214 million less than with historical model, and $453 million less than with the U.S. discount rate.With such low NPV coming from the Lal Plr project its value could be reached by the U.S. project within about 6 years. This is like saying that due to such risky factors, including political risk, it is unreasonable to assume that the project would operate longer than 6 years in Pakistan before its unable to continue, unable to receive any further cash flows, and unable to recuperate assets. Due to such high discounting, and implied risk, it is probably not in the companys best interest to pursue projects in Pakistan, and to look for projects with less risk and write down WACCs.

Improving Organization Retention Paper Essay

Organizations lots experiences laging issues therefore, whizz de postment provide be asked to overwhelm for a nonher. However, these issues layabout be generated from several aspects deep down an organization much(prenominal) as staffing issues, pecuniary issues, and organization computer memory. Subsequently, the organization organization moldiness endeavor to sort out the crush strategy to resolve these issues. In this situation pro coif annoy-up the infralying issues involves staffing. Strategies for up(a) the employee pickaxe process implicate tracking enlisting sources apply realistic craft pre cerebrations (RJPs) using assessment tools and interviews to predict dollar volume and hiring for rival and motivation (Barrick & Zimmerman, p.1 Para 6 2005).Moreover, an organization that implements a successful staffing admission leave fundament entirelyy establish a positive influence regarding employee retentivity. Nevertheless with this paper organizat ion retentivity go forth be discussed in details, and last motivation theories give be applied to improve employee recruitment and retention at JCs Casino. An interrogatory of potential occupational stressors that ar considered as a negative influence on recruitment and retention as considerably as a signifi bedt device will be demonstrated.Further more than, the role of parentage bliss and its influence on retention at the gambling cassino, and recommendations for improving job mirth of the employees, and how that can play a part in successfully improving retention will be discussed. Ultimately, a discussing regarding harmful employee manner occurring at the casino as wellspring as what suggestions that would reduce the counterproductive air and increase productive employee behavior will be demonstrated as well.JCs CasinoThis particular casino is in disarray as the chair of unpredictable staffing issues, which essentially caused the casino dealers to disappear . In fact, the dealers obtain employment with other casino that merely base on ballsed a lower absorb rate in contrast to his or her former employment. Moreover, the casino housekeeping staff itself was experiencing issues because of the get rid ofeeism and the high turnover of rooms. Consequently, this issue essentially impinged on other departments indoors the casino because of the infallible staff needed to carry away the casino was lacking. Indeed, this concern did not dis note the casino customers in fact, it merely produced more chaos as the hotel had to adjust the validation -in times, and hire additional staff to call on in the luggage room.The customers who arrived earlier had to be accommodating as the organization insurance policy entailed. However, the owner is unaw be of the magnitude of the issues, which surrounds the casino itself. In essence, the owner merely knows of the specifics such as the dealers was dropping off manage flies, and casino customers wer e becoming increasingly displease regarding the untimely check-in transformation. Following, these issues and the whole fib enlighten hotshot could understand why this particular organization desires urgent service as a message to improving the organization retention.Motivation Work theories unrivalled of motivation work theories that will be employed involves the Douglas McGregors X-Y surmise. Douglas McGregor (1906-1964) was the creator of wholeness of the leading exceptional precaution theories without comparison. He hypothesized that a oversight spot is considered as one of the most satisfying position at heart a dope. In essence, he proposed that it was the manager responsibility to encourage and unveil the vast creative capability in s snake pite of appearance people. McGregor introduced two significant forms of heed approaches, which essentially started the development of his X and Y theories the undemocratic and the participative.The opening X authoritarian management style, employees are inherently lazy, and the individual would broadly develop to be forced to work. Nonetheless, under the Theory Y participative management style, employees would get a line work as favorable. McGregor also punctuate that, under the proper management, all employees are naturally Theory Y employees (Kallio, 2006). The X Theory is primarily centered on a fashion of management and lead that is authoritarian, whereas the Y Theory tends to employ more constructive aspects of leadership. Consequently, McGregors speculation can relate to JCs Casino smirch as it extinguishes organization development. The Y Theory will allow the staff members to make progress and advance.This way of thinking, in view of this aspect it would be a convinced(p) to employ as a means to enhance recruitment and retention inside The JCs Casino. To embark on this move first, the Y Theory will allow for the manager to support employees incentives in place of reprimand and demer its. The Y Theory managers have got that each employee like work, and work for the secure of the organization, which generates capitalization on competency amongst the employees. The Y Theory manager would confide employees the chance of an in waitence of creativeness, which would form make and faithful employees who appreciate his or her job. The Y Theory managers also work toward create meaningful and productive relationships with their employees.These managers contend with McGregor reasonableness that the responsibility of management is to allow their employees to express their vast creative potential (Skidmore, 2006). one(a) significant aspect, the Y manager would offer an open negotiation with employees and other departments and by dint of displaying leadership by leading with example. domination and reprimand are not ceaselessly the surpass, and the only method to create useful workplace. In fact, the work itself should be asked and not commanded as a manager su bscribing to the X Theory would be more believably to perform.However, the success of either of these theories would essentially depend on -the -job as well as the individual. Some people require invariable direction and others will excel with petite or no direction. In essence, it would derive back on what the individuals work best with regarding Theory X and Theory Y would come into play motivational wise. other significant conjecture is called the Z opening founded by William Ouchi. This particular theory is set as the Japanese Challenge within the management, which is employs the Y Theory and modern Japanese management principals. Although the employee within this theory must(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) have the proper mind-set at all times for tasks with complete indebtedness regarding the ultimate result of tasks.Nevertheless, Theory Z essentially advocates a combination of all thats best about theory Y and modern Japanese management, which places a large amount of freedom and trusts with workers, and assumes that workers have a strong loyalty and involution in team- functional and the organization. An individual behavior and environment can spay unexpectedly thus, this particular theory lacks the strength, and direction contrasting to the McGregor X-Y theory that involves great motivational suggestions and reasoning.Occupational StressorsJCs Casino organization have a high stress level duty as well as a high stress level that often surfaces between employees. This type of environment entails customers who are commonly inebriated and often annoy thus, workers must intervene if necessary. Consequently, recruitment and retention should be meticulous because a casino environment can be intriguing and not for everyone. According to researchers casinos that implement fire counselling courses that include procedures for recognizing and managing stress, which displayed a higher results regarding employee contentment (Internet Refere nce, rage & Stress in Casinos-www.andersonservices.com). theatrical role of Job SatisfactionTo implement employee cheer the primary focus would be direct toward researching other successful casino such as Ki-Joon Back, a Korean casino. This casino successfully has applied an employee job satisfaction and organizational assertion. The Korean casino embarks on requiring the employees to engage in a stick with questionnaire consequence aided management by enhancing the condition of employee satisfaction. Moreover, this type of method can be employed within JCs Casino with the same results. One must first follow- up on the results such as provide ongoing training, health care benefits, and maintain an open dialog with employees.Each aspect should be abiding to ensure employee satisfaction, recruitment as well as retention. Furthermore, the organization should also enter employees with necessary supplies according to the resources. When employees are provided with the required s upplies it will create a bettor atmosphere and enhance self-respect and retention. It is significant to bear in mind that righteousness generally starts on the top of administration and can seep into the workers (Internet Reference, CQX.com-Cornell Hospitality every quarter Management).Employee BehaviorAccording to Global childs play moving in regarding employees behavior within type of environment by which it emphasizes that when counterproductive behavior occurs in a casino the management should tackle the issue at a time as well as the peoples complicated instead evading the situation. Casino policy should be made unquestionably and sincerely to employees who in turn create an appreciation amid management and staff. Management must be the office of logic when dealing with rumor or complex concerns. Management must follow the led to sort out in person grievances and issues on the floor during his or her shift, and one should by no means forego issues unresolved.However, J Cs Casino has two paint vital focal psyches here concerning behavior perceived as counterproductive, which starts with Joe, the tyrannical pit boss, and the above rate of absenteeism among the housekeepers. Management must correct the issue with Joe in fact, he needs to be taught that his method of on the job(p) and dealing with his coworkers is causing counterproductive. His behavior is essentially causing the employees to perform inadequately, and resulting in employees to leave the casino. Joe must be retrained and needs to from this point on apply a Y Theory approach in which he works with his employees instead of his former method.In case for some reason he refuses or cannot adjust management must consider reinstating him or shifting him to a position because his behavior is not costless to the organization. Another point counterproductive to the alliance is the above rates of housekeepers as absent from work. The casino pays a fair wage, besides because of the shortage o f staff the housekeepers undergoing overworked and underappreciated beliefs. The casino needs to employ a new management agenda in which the managers had a ameliorate mentality and could create an enhanced working environment for the employees.ConclusionIndeed, based on this finding manager knowledge, skills, and abilities are extremely necessary. A management position is considered as one of the most significant position within a corporation. The JC Casino entails legion(predicate) significant facets and layers that could be perceived as challenging and are causes for concern. If management maintains this model, change decision-making methods and mindsets, aid employees with healthier working conditions and with respect.This will lead to longer retention and will eventually lead to a get out more efficient recruitment process, which will aid the JC Casino as it continues to soar, and becomes profitable. Management must correct the issue with Joe in fact, he needs to be taught t hat his method of working and dealing with his coworkers is causing counterproductive. Ultimately, the corporation expects the manager to be prepared to work harder, and to put forth more effort than the others leading by the example. The effectiveness of either of these theories would ultimately come to depend on- the- job and the workers.ReferencesBarrick, M. R. & Zimmerman, R. D. (2005). Reducing voluntary, avoidable turnover through selection. Global Gaming Business Vol.9. No. 2,(Internet Reference, CQX.com-Cornell Hospitality Quarterly Management. (Internet Reference, Anger & Stress in Casinos-www.andersonservices.com (Internet Reference, motivational theories-www.businessballs.com. (Internet Reference, http//www.businessballs.com/mcgregor.htm. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 159-166. Retrieved April 4, 2011 Kallio, B. (2006). Mcgregor, Douglas. Encyclopedia of educational Leadership and Administration. Retrieved on April 4, 2011, from http//www.sage-ereference.com/ed leadership/Article_n368.html Skidmore, M. (2006). Theory X, Theory Y. Encyclopedia of Educational Leadership and Administration. Retrieved on April 4, 2011 from, http//www.sage-ereference.com/edleadership/Article_n566.html/

'Housing Problems Essay\r'

'1 Population harvest-home and urban enigma in Mumbai, India According to G.Tyler(1994), the much sorry people move from rural to urban area the more poverty is comely urbanized. A lot of cities have constipation because of the ingrained poverty and social and surround in stead of being centers of handicraft and in distri exactlyery. In this article I forget discuss the problem of slum clearance in Mumbai, India. I am elicit in shortsighted people in urban area. First I give refer about population yield which is related to urban problem. Second, I rede that slum clearance is not equitable enough for solving the problem. Third, as a conclusion, I suggest that India politics activity should solemnize providing mingled kinds of social wait ons to call for people. Population growth is related to urban problem.\r\nAccording to Tyler (1994),at least 1 million people -18% of the world’s population- roll in the hay in the crowded slums of inner cities and in t he vast, generally illegal squatter settlements or shantytowns that plangency the outskirts of most cities in LDCs(Less Developed Country)(bookÃ@,p.26). I agree with Tyler’s expla people. India government has through with(p) slum clearance since early 70s when the slum area clearance Act was passed the Mumbai city (artic.Ã@,para.2). In the name of beautification India government did renewal the city. India government has a vision to develop her rude like Singapore. I think the slum clearance is very strict for the abject people and the policy does not move well. Because slum clearance only makes an different(prenominal) squatted area. People have no guidance with dwelling in blue home ground environment. In my opinion this is too an honourable issue because people have the rights to live. I believe everyone has the rights to live even they live in slum. Unfortunately, poor people are regarded as a part of bad environment.\r\nSo the real problems are in the kin d rights and the government policy. India Government should see with the roots of problem and provide almost policy. So they should cover provide various kinds of social run for learned people. or so private organizations provide health caution program and family planning. One of the organization has mformer(a)like and child healthcare program. To save poor people they should focus on from each one person who is involved in solemn conditions. They have a lot of need. I think such social suffice and education are very outstanding to fulfill the needs of poor people. They need clean water, foods, housing etc.\r\nSo I suggest that India government should keep welcoming NGO from foreign countries and escort their activity. As a conclusion, Population growth is related to urban problem. Slum clearance is not enough for solution of the problem. India government should keep providing various kinds of social services for needed people. To provide social service to those area is a kind of investigation to children for the future. I believe when people change, nation change. This issue should be developed to the tint of life of poor people in slum area.\r\n2 Air contaminant\r\nConstruction activities that contri moreovere to melodic phrase pollution include: land clearing, operation of diesel motor engines, demolition, burning, and working with nephrotoxic materials. All locution sites generate gamey levels of dust (typically from concrete, cement, wood, stone, silica) and this shadow carry for large distances over a long period of time. Construction dust is classified as PM10 †particulate point less than 10 microns in diameter, ultraviolet to the naked eye. Research has shown that PM10 penetrate deep into the lungs and cause a wide direct of health problems including respiratory illness, asthma, bronchitis and even cancer.\r\nanother(prenominal) major source of PM10 on winding sites comes from the diesel engine exhausts of vehicles and h eavy equipment. This is cognize as diesel particulate field of study (DPM) and consists of soot, sulphates and silicates, all of which readily combine with other toxins in the atmosphere, increasing the health risks of molecule inhalation. Diesel is also responsible for emissions of vitamin C monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide. Noxious vapors from oils, glues, thinners, paints, treated woods, plastics, cleaners and other dubious chemicals that are widely used on construction sites, also contribute to air pollution.\r\nWater Pollution\r\nSources of water pollution on building sites include: diesel and oil; paint, solvents, cleaners and other mischievous chemicals; and construction debris and dirt. When land is alter it causes soil erosion that leads to silt-bearing run-off and sediment pollution. choke off and soil that runs into natural waterways turns them turbid, which restricts sunlight filtration and destroys aquatic life. Surface water run-off a lso carries other pollutants from the site, such as diesel and oil, toxic chemicals, and building materials like cement. When these substances get into waterways they acerbate water life and any puppet that drinks from them. Pollutants on construction sites can also soak into the groundwater, a source of human drinking water. Once contaminated, groundwater is much more difficult to treat than surface water.\r\n hindrance Pollution\r\nConstruction sites produce a lot of ring, mainly from vehicles, heavy equipment and machinery, but also from people shouting and radios dour up too loud. Excessive noise is not only annoying and distracting, but can lead to hearing loss, high blood pressure, sleep tinctance and extreme stress. Research has shown that high noise levels disturb the natural cycles of animals and reduces their usable habitat.\r\n'

'All Quiet on the Western Front Literary Devices essay Essay\r'

'The realm, as in the soil beneath our feet, is taken for give every single day, alone neer by a sol run shortr on the front lines. Erich Maria Remarque explains this through his genius capital of Minnesota Bäumer in the option of his novel All Quiet on the Western Front. capital of Minnesota is explaining the prepares that state of contend on the front can draw a blank with a soldier, the discouragement, consciousness of an animal, and appreciation for things as simple as the earth that we nonch on. season explaining these effects Remarque uses literary and rhetorical devices.Portraying Paul’s sense of worldness helpless and trapped as an effect of being on the battle front, Remarque uses non-homogeneous literary devices to describe Paul’s feelings.\r\nThe narrator Paul states, â€Å"To me the front is a mysterious whirlpool” a â€Å" maelstrom sucking me…into itself.” This extended metaphor shewes the hopelessness that the wa r leaves with soldier. The vortex symbolizes the disadvantage of optimism in the weary soldiers and how it is â€Å"irresistibly” and â€Å"inescapably” happening. This separate of the passage could also be an instance of how Remarque uses parallelism to tell of the effects.The front not only causes the soldiers to gain a smother mind, but to also gain gratitude. While explaining the appreciation they get when fighting to give-up the ghost at the front, Remarque uses different types of imagery to express their deep feeling towards the land.\r\nâ€Å"To no slice doe the earth mean so much as to a soldier”. He personifies the earth by calling it â€Å"her” and creates an image of the earth as a mother figure, protecting and sheltering the soldiers. Then, later in the passage, Remarque writes as if Paul is praising the ground as a God, saying that it has â€Å" redeemed them” and â€Å"granted the soldiers a new bearing”. This can be t aken as a dose all overboard, however, this image the soldiers submit devised of the earth in their mind, â€Å"she” has saved them, physically and religiously.\r\nConcluding the effects that Remarque characterizes in this delegate of the novel, He describes the sudden takeover of animalistic inherent aptitude while in battle. This instinct is the difference between life and death. Paul tells that a man testament go himself on the ground, right at the wink that a shell flies over him. Yet he cannot remember if he had heard it or what had happened â€Å"one cannot explain it.”\r\nThis is the instinct that appears when your mind has departed â€Å"It is this other, this guerilla sight in us.” Paul claims that this is what saves them. A literary device used darling the end was when Paul says â€Å"…there would not be one man brisk from Flanders to the Vosges.” This is a hyperbole, because it is an exaggeration. Remarque continues the idea of a nimal instinct using an oxymoron: the soldiers come to the front and â€Å" deform on the instant human animals.” He suggests that these soldiers retain the shape of humanity but have developed animal-like qualities in influence to survive.\r\nThis is a tragic consequence of war- the loss of humanity and civility. In the end Paul learns that he will never be the same. The profound transformations that he has endured during while being at the front have panicky him beyond repair. This amplifies the hopelessness they feel, because if they do not die physically they will die emotionally. Remarque uses literary devices throughout the passage to accentuate to affect how the text is read. He uses prosopopoeia multiple times throughout the paragraphs. When communicate of the soldier’s appreciation of the earth, Remarque personifies the earth and they develop strong feelings towards it. â€Å"O Earth, pace grantest us the great resisting surge of new-won life.” Th e overall message of the expert is the affect of the war on a soldiers mind. He will do anything to survive, he will give away new recognition, and he will regular(a) give up all of his faith.\r\n'

'Maya Angelou-“Still I rise”, Benjamin Zephaniah- “Miss World” and Grace Nichols-“Sugar Cane” Essay\r'

'By a close analysis of phraseology, show how the poets land their cultural heritage and experiences with their verse forms. This discover for testa custodyt comp atomic number 18 the cultural c over chargegrounds and the course of language these three murky poets mapping to describe their experiences. They atomic number 18: Maya Angelou-â€Å" n sensationtheless I rise”, Benjamin Zephaniah- â€Å" spend realness” and Grace Nichols-â€Å" kail rebuke” through with(predicate) their meters. These three poems were scripted by dull poets. They in all pee a infrastructure of standing up for yourself, fighting for your rights and beingness strong and overcoming pain and paltry. â€Å" boodle whip” is a poem or so the biography of a prick understructuree that is swelled and returned. The poet personifies the borecole cane so the lecturer can associate more with the profit cane, and t present is a compelling passion for the comm entator to fate to read the poem. â€Å"Miss creation” is ab bring out a fille who is beautiful within and does non want to be judged kindred an object in a show.\r\nThe poem is written equivalent a rap and so is inviting to young sight. This poem teaches that appearances ar not important. â€Å" lighten I Rise” is about a woman talking about all the hardships her ancestors had to endure and how she get out prevail or so(prenominal) is thrown at her. This poem is about standing tall and strong and not permitting anyone put you down. In â€Å"Sugar Cane”, the poet uses precise descriptive language that helps the reader visualise the scar cane. For example, â€Å" sluggish hard and sheathed in blades”. These blades are the sharp leaves of the profits cane. This image is of a strong object, cap fitting of defending itself. The blades are a symbol of the dingy strivers, able to fight back against passel, wanting to degrade them. The poet a lso uses language in a atomic number 74 Indian dialect, â€Å"he isn’t what he seem” and â€Å"he prickling similar ague when it rain”. The poet uses embodiment to help the reader visualise the starting line cane as a amour that matters, like a person.\r\nLater on in the poem, the poet uses, â€Å"he comes to commence the law about himself, the crimes committed in his key out”. This refers to the position that the slaves were used to farm the scar cane for â€Å"the white man” and died from over work, exhaustion and starvation. In â€Å"Miss land” the poet also uses words that poesy if the reader is reading in a West Indian accent, â€Å" dress hat for self-defence” â€Å" case no grievance”. Ordinarily these would not rhyme, so the reader would know at once by reading this or â€Å"de” (the) or â€Å" solar day”(they) that this poem is written in a dialect. In â€Å" pacify I Rise” the poet a lways speaks in correct English and shows that she is well educate and is articulate. She uses phrases like â€Å"Leaving behind nights of apprehension and fear, into a daybreak that’s terrifically clear”. Sugar Cane is enceinte in many countries where mordant nation live, and so most of them work to harvest the sugar cane. Sugar Cane grows through life history and becomes old, â€Å"His colour is the aura of deform when he ripe”.\r\nThis could mean that the minacious slaves are unhealthy as a product of mistreatment. After sugar cane is possibly ageing, he thusly dies when â€Å"the hurricane find out smashing him to pieces” whether it is the hurricane killing him, or the farmers ingathering with machetes, â€Å"either way he can’t survive”. In some countries, sugar cane is the only start of income. The Poet uses the sugar cane as a metaphor for black people stressful to be strong and fight back against racism and to show that they are concentrated on the outside simply sweetish on the inside like the sugar cane. This is similar to â€Å"Miss World” where the bailiwick of the poem is not to judge people by their looks, ” You cannot judge my infant’s heart by looking… unless by looking… adept by looking at her breast”. The sister is described as being â€Å"beautiful” because she has a personality and is not skin-deep like the people who judge others, â€Å" bonnie by looking”. Even though she is beautiful, she would rather fight for her rights then be treated like a slave or an object.\r\nIn â€Å"Sugar Cane” when black people were slaves, they’re lives were sufficient of suffering and misery; the poet shows this as a metaphor for the sugar cane ontogeny through the primer coat, â€Å"Slowly painfully sugar cane pushes his knotted joints upwards from the mankind slowly painfully he comes to charter the truth about himself, the c rimes committed in his name â€Å". Similarly, in â€Å"Miss World” the poet conveys the sister’s hard life by saying that she is beautiful hardly â€Å"Her legs are firm and sharp best for self-defence”, showing that she has to defend herself. In â€Å"Still I Rise”, the poet describes a painful life, â€Å"out of the huts of history’s shame, I rise, up from a other(prenominal) that’s rooted in pain, I rise” this refers to the extreme pain and suffering this race went through. The poet talks about how she will overcome ein truththing that is thrown at her and she will prevail.\r\nâ€Å"You may shoot me with your words, you may make love me with your eyes, you may kill me with your hatefulness, but close up like air, I’ll rise” The poet mentions violence over the sugar cane, suggesting the thraldom of the black race, â€Å"it is us who weed him in the kingdom in the first place” â€Å"we flavour the need to strangle the life out of him”. These lines show that the farmers cod power over whether sugar cane lives or dies. Similarly, the farmers have power over whether their slaves live or die. In â€Å"Miss World” the poet mentions slavery and that his sister does not want to be viewed like a slave at a slave market and crumble the judges power over her life, â€Å"day judge your lifetime by a quick interview”. In â€Å"Still I Rise”, the poet suggests that she is powerful, â€Å"welling and swelling I bear in the tide” in that respect are also sexual references much(prenominal) as, in â€Å"Sugar Cane”, â€Å"smoothing stroke caressing all his length barefacedly”. In â€Å"Miss World”, the poet writes that â€Å"her legs are firm and sharp” â€Å"she won’t walk the platform to upsex people’s lust”. In â€Å"Still I Rise”, the poet adds â€Å"I dance like I’ve got diamonds at the me eting of my thighs”.\r\nThese sexually descriptive comments imply the stereotype of the black race as being very sexually active. These stereotypes include black men being virile and black people having a natural sense of rhythm. â€Å"Sugar Cane” is written in caisson verse but has a very strong rhythm, â€Å"Slowly painfully sugar cane pushes his knotted joints upwards from the earth slowly painfully he comes to learn the truth about himself, the crimes committed in his name â€Å". The stanzas are in columns to look like a field of sugar cane. There is some repetition closelipped the end with â€Å"slowly painfully”. This is in all likelihood used to emphasize the suffering of the black people. In â€Å"Miss World” the poem has a regular rhyme scheme. In other places the poem does not rhyme at all so this poem has an scratchy rhyme scheme.\r\nThere is an inconsistent stanza length throughout and there is one line that is enormous and sharp like a knife, which could be devil trivial lines. â€Å"She could be out of sight but she would rather stay and fight”. This is a powerful line that stands out from the oddment of the poem. There is some repetition on the last line, â€Å"by looking… undecomposed by looking…just by looking at her breast”.\r\nThis is here to make the reader remember that it is what is inside that counts overall, not the outside. In â€Å"Still I Rise” each stanza is four lines long with a rhyme scheme where the mho and fourth lines rhyme. This is consistent until the last two stanzas, where there is a line then â€Å"I Rise” then some other line that rhymes with it, then two lines that rhyme. In the last stanza, it repeats â€Å"I Rise” at the end. This is here so it is a beacon light of hope. Conclusion All these poems show the feature that black people suffered at the workforce of other human beings and still do, just because the colour of their skin. These poems also show the fact that you do not have to let them take control of you or have power over you. You just have to remember…\r\n'

'Billy Budd by Herman Melville\r'

'The story, nightstick Budd, by Herman Melville embodies some themes. The same story has similarly been the subject of many different interpretations because of these themes. cardinal of the more popular interpretations has to do with the many different allusions to the holy Christian bible. Billy has often been interpreted as whirl from the book of Genesis, while his counterpart, Claggart, has often been comp ard to the snake in the grass in the garden of Eden or as Satan. The reason for this comparison has to do with the sacrifice that Billy makes at the leftover of the story.Good natured and kind hearted, Billy becomes the innocent victim of a harsh society. In assign to make this portrayal, however, it is necessary to briefly dissertate the trials and tribulations that Billy endured. The goodness of Billy is highlighted more during the times when Claggart tries to tempt Billy in committing dastardly acts and deeds of evil; the temptations that Claggart dangles in Billyà ¢â‚¬â„¢s way submit Claggart’s different attempts to destroy the pillow slip of Billy. This is analogous to the situation in the Garden of Eden where the Serpent tries to deceive spell into taking the fruit of the forbidden tree.The definition of Claggart’s dead body as it lies lifeless in the form of a snake reinforces this point. This is an important characterization that is utilise well in the story as it makes it easier for the readers to identify one of the many themes that are embedded in Billy Budd. Without these comparisons to Adam, the naturalness and the tragedy of the downfall of Billy would not be as highlighted as they are in the story. The sacrifice that Billy makes in the end becomes the haunting image of how a hostile society can go bad the lives and minds of the innocent ones.\r\n'

'Labrouste and Ledoux\r'

'Henri Labrouste and Claude Ledoux were French architects during the 18th and 19th centuries and atomic number 18 pi geni partrs of modern computer architecture. Henri Labrouste was born in 1801 and was the harvest-tide of the renowned Ecole diethylstilbestrol Beaux Arts civilise of Architecture. He believed that architecture should reflect society, and his wrick reflects the rationalism and technical aspects of industrial society. His put to work also embodies the saints of writer Victor Hugo, who believed that architecture is a mixed bag of communication, give care literature, and that in the beginning kinds of wind it expressed the inductance of society and social commonalities.\r\nClaude Ledoux was born in 1736 and was one of the earliest exponents of neoclassic architecture. He gained architectural relevance after marrying the girl of someone who worked for the royal court and was offered a job for the courts Water and Forestry Department. He was considered a utopi an architect and had some rattling modern ideas ab proscribed industrial production, urban planning, and territorial intelligence. Henri Labrouste was one of the initiative architects to surmount using branding iron structure in an aesthetic each(prenominal)(a)y pleasing way.\r\nIron had already been utilized in structures like twine stations, scarce never in a formal interior environment, as in a library. One example of his salutary use of iron is in the library, Bibliotheque Ste. Genevieve, where he incorporated past(a) masonry construction practices with iron. He kept the huge arches of past churches, except instead of using heavy stones he used iron trusses for wear. With this mod initiation, the outdoor walls no longer had to hold all of the forces from the arches, and the iron supports could simply rest on top of the walls.\r\nThe walls were also modified with the use of iron by essentially applying wages bars encased with plaster to create thinner walls, that h ad just as a good deal strength as previous thicker walls. Since the spic-and-span iron arches are so self-colored, Labrouste was fitted to take pieces out to create a design and pattern out of the support itself. Even the partnerships in the midst of the arch and columns or walls were make to look decorative and put down while keeping a strong connection, which he also did in Bibliotheque Imperiale, besides with covered stadiums rather than barrel vaults. In other one of his libraries, he Bibliotheque Nationale de France, he at once again used immense arches and domes of antiquity, simply manages to make the dome look actually light by inserting oculi and supporting it by thin, reinforced columns. The dome is made from plaster, but has a web of sword to suspend for it to be thinner and to support the massive openings that are covered in glass. conflicting Bibliotheque Ste. Genevieve, he hides almost all of the steel structure so that it looks like a feat of enginee ring and design to shake off such a life-sized dome that is so thin and supported by such thin columns.\r\nLabrouste was on the header of integrating stark naked technology with past materials and design innovations. Rather than using new materials like Labrouste, Claude Ledoux used new ideas to construct a new architectural language. He designed m whatever tollhouses around the walls of genus Paris through his connection to the royal court. legion(predicate) of them resembled Greek and Roman temples but had new elements that gave them a modern look. He travelled to England in 1769 and became very familiar with Palladio and since thus usually used a boxlike style with a broken portico that allowed any structure to look important.\r\nHe make several homes during his duration in England, including the top executive’s mistress, who became a good connection for Ledoux in later years. In his work, Barriere des Bons-Hommes, he simplifies architecture down to its purest form by essentially placing a large cube on stilts, much like later architect Le Corbusier did in his Villa Savoye. One of Ledoux’s most storied works was the Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans where he explored the concept of an ideal community. He located the community near a forest, rather than a source of salt urine because it would be more efficient to transport water than wood for the furnaces.\r\nIt was constructed in 1775 and was mean to be a multi-phase project, but after 1778 construction stopped with only the first phase complete. The design still functioned as intended with a central building for the controllers that was between the two furnaces and had a view of all of the housing. All of the buildings would act independent from one another but were still put in a logical instal to allow for maximum efficiency, such as the placement of the blacksmiths near the furnaces.\r\nThe perfectly circular design was also intended to conjure up the harmony of the idea l city. Ledoux was one of the first architects to design such thought out communities and maximize efficiency through the use of architecture and explore the concept of a self-sustaining utopian society. As he put, â€Å"unfortunate is the one who fails to see in reality what he is being made to see, who is unable to imagine,” showing how ahead of his time he was with his concept of designing ideal societies.\r\nClaude Ledoux and Henri Labrouste were two of the most important neoclassical architects because of their innovative thoughts and designs. Labrouste successfully experimented with the use of iron to innovate his designs and change the way buildings were create forever. Through the simplification of design and poring over of geometries, Ledoux pioneered the concept of utopian communities and maximizing resources and efficiency. Ledoux and Labrouste were at the forefront of modernity and their concept of design are still used and perfect to this day.\r\n'

'Save the Earth Ailing from the Vehicular Pollution\r'

'Vehicles on the roadsteadtead contribute to air pollution in major way. Most of the vehicle plying on road are fuelled by gas and diesel emitting pollutants like Ozone gas, Nitrogen Oxides (NO), particulate matter matter, soot smog, carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2) etc These emissions not only pollute the environment, but withal pose variety of health risks for people. befoulment is the main reason behind undress grasscers, asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory disorders. Even young children rear get affected.Following steps can be taken by the adduce and even individuals to save the environment. Adopt qualification efficient engines All vehicles must tolerate 3 way catalysts and fuel controls so that they emit out less smog. They should be made mandatory by equity as has been done by the articulate of California. Build an efficient public place system More cars on roads mean more smog, increased pollution. thus the need of the hour is to come up with a public transport system, which can reduce number of vehicles thereby step-down congestion, and also caters to the increasing population.Use of alternate fuels Vehicles must be installed with engines that are fuelled by hydrogen, ethanol, wood alcohol and natural gas. They are known as cleaner fuels because they release less CO 2 into the air. They are economical as they can be obtained from natural resources. door of battery operated or electric vehicles They draw in on the chemical energy stored in the battery, which is rechargeable. Lithium batteries can be utilize for such vehicles. The emission is zero and is power by motor controllers.Individuals can doctor following meaningful contributions in lessen vehicular pollution. • People can lose to riding bicycles for shorter distances. Cycles are absolutely honorable for the environment and goodness for our bodies too. Cycling is good form of exercise also. • Even walkway should be encouraged for viable distan ces. • chest of drawers goers can engage in car pools. • Engines can be switched off at signals and at possible places where you need to keep back for more than few minutes. It also keep petrol/diesel.\r\n'

'Definition Essay: Freedom Essay\r'

' granting immunity Our fore fathers fought for political liberty from the authoritarianism of England and its kings. Slaves fought for independence and equality. Women fought for the exemption from their stereotypical â€Å"uxorial duty” and their right to vote. We now be beginning to see license, due to the adult male Trade plaza Disaster, macrocosm redefined and much defined. Young Ameri gits of the past saw liberty discordently than young Ameri jakess of instantly. The pampered youth of at once’s society procedure liberty in regard to acquiring a car or knowting to acquire new clothes. emancipations to colonial young Americans were non so petty. They were a big lead off in helping our uncouth dishonour free from England and to them beingness free from the spiritual restraints of their day were immunitys celebrated, non just getting name brand clothing. I believe, as Americans, we argon free still our license comes with responsibility that should non be interpreted so mildly. Maybe we stimulate alienated view of what independence truly is and what it is meant to do.\r\n immunity has a wide range of coating from total absence of restraint to that a sense of non being hampered or frustrated in decisions superstar lets in life. We fool, for some time now, interpreted our freedoms for given. The freedoms from whiz state to an different or one state of matter to a nonher differ greatly, making a true interpretation of the intelligence feignivity unclear. People throw the invent freedom around as if it is non something of importance. Millions of our fellow Americans bind move overd and millions more regularise their lives on the line daily so we can know the freedoms we have now.\r\n independence is defined as the absence of necessity, coercion, or constraint in choice or action. Given this definition, many of the places we utilization the word freedom or the sense of being free are very mis dod . immunity is not a new tackle or a new car. Advertisers have used freedom to describe their products or the feeling that their product would give you precisely that does not mean that just be relieve oneself you exsert or drive their product, you are not more free than you were before. For example, running down(a) a wet street single when in Nike shoes does not make you more free. license has been used so unrestrictively socially that many Americans have forgotten what freedom really means. People use the word freedom to describe boththing and to use as an excuse or drive behind many terrible things they do. Freedom is not an excuse for abusing your live who is disparate from you.\r\nFreedom was fought for to make life better, it was not created to be used to alienate, abuse, or evil volume. When abused, either in protest or in life in general, we cause others to be suffer or killed. For example, in protests today people burn the American tholepin, our symbol of fre edom, to make their point. Veterans of our Armed Forces and every patriotic American are hurt by this. The amount of blood that was discard so we could have our fall and our freedom being taken so light is a shame. Freedom fighters in our memoir who privationed to abolish slavery or desegregate communities were killed because they fought for freedom from slavery because they believed that freedom would make them equals.\r\nSome groups today, using freedom as a mask, are armed combat to take away our freedoms or to find out them more. Cults using freedom of religion as a mask persuades people to cast off their hoes and family and live in their communities. They get their pursuit to give up their freedom for the practised of their religion and even to kill themselves and others. Pro-lifers guide abortion clinics trying to get people to change the law allowing women’s freedom of choice using freedom of rescue as their mask. These freedoms are for our super C strong as a nation not to get everyone to be what individual else wants.\r\n dependable freedom is an unrestrained and unrestricted right, with this in mind, are we truly free? Yes, we are free but we are evaluate to use our freedoms with responsibility and the beneficial of our country as a whole when we act out using freedoms we have. All freedoms in our constitution and life have limitations for the fortress of the good of society and the good of our nation. We have the freedom to bear arms but without the proper permit, one can not carry that gun on their mortal out into the world to cause harm. We have the freedom of speech but with the limits stripe so we can not vituperate or defame another soulfulness without being punished.\r\nWe study our children as they get more freedom that there are consequences for abusing their freedoms. Maybe Americans need a monitor of the consequences associated with abuse of their freedom. It is now being give tongue to by political critics that the tragedy of folk 11 is our wake-up call. That this tragedy was the world’s way of telling us that our freedoms are at risk and that we should keep our parliamentary ideas to ourselves. Maybe now that people have to leave earlier to take a flight so their baggage can be checked more guardedly and now that UPS will open and go to in every box we want to send, Americans will look upon their freedoms with a petty(a) more thought not lightly glancing and taking them for give.\r\nAs Americans, we must take our children about freedom so that the rising generations will not take their freedoms for granted or abuse them. When a kid is born they have no freedom since they can not even walk, talk, or eat without help. As they grow, they get more freedom and we guide them with discipline so they know right from wrong and good from bad. They know not to call names, to compliance the flag, and to estimate others for their differences rather than hate them or hurt them, w hen their parents guide them as they grow. Without this counseling children will get worse and worse every generation. They will take their freedoms for granted more and abuse them worse. I teach my children that the American flag is a reminder of all those lost in competitiveness and that it represents our country.\r\nThey know freedoms are key and that not everyone in the world has them so they should appreciate them, not abuse them. They compliments the flag and the freedoms that it represents. We do not use our freedom of speech to make fun of others who may be different from us or to say things that may hurt other people’s feelings. As a parent and role model to junior generations, we must all do our fork to make them understand about freedom and responsibility. If they are making fun of someone for being different, they are punished or if they abuse someone else for being of a different religion, they are punished. This is the beginning of larn about freedom, responsibility, right and wrong, and consequences of their actions. My children know the pact of Allegiance even though they do not say it in develop anymore, as they should. If kids were reminded daily by verbalise the Pledge, they would know to respect it and the freedom it stands for.\r\nIn many countries, they have no freedom. They can not speak out against a government when it is wrong, they must be the homogeneous religion as everyone else, and they can not even choose whom they marry. In our country we can do all of these so far many people still speculate it is so bad here. We do not have\r\nto worry about only being able to have one child or that our parents can tack our husband when we are born. Our freedoms let us do what we want within reason. I think the limitations are more common sense than anything. Like it says in the Bible, do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Do not slander someone else or their religion. Do not abuse your neighbor for differi ng opinions or skin color. Do not try to force others to your lifestyle or way of thinking. Don’t do anything to another American that you would not standardized them to do to you.\r\nOur fore fathers would be repel to see the abuses of freedom and lack of responsibility in using those freedoms in today’s world. They did not fight and die for us to destroy our country, our fellow countrymen, or our planet. So when you think of freedom, picture the American flag flying over the dust that was once the World Trade Center or picture the American flag swaying over as a pass wounded in battle carries it. Freedom is not a word to use lightly. It is a word that comes with responsibility and that is important to our country. Say it when you meant it and when you are showing respect to those who have given their life so that you can say it every day.\r\n'

'Rustico and Alibech Storyby Giovanni Boccaccio\r'

'Rustico and Alibech by Giovanni Boccaccio Giovanni Boccaccio The exact inside information of his birth are uncertain. A number of sources declare that he was born in Paris, but others tag this as romanticism by the earliest biographers. In this case his birthplace was possibly in Tuscany, by chance in Certaldo, the town of his father. He was the son of a Florentine merchant and an unknown woman, and almost surely born illegitimate. Boccaccio grew up in Florence.His father was operative for the Compagnia dei Bardi and in the 1320s married Margherita dei Mardoli, of an illustrious family. It is believed Boccaccio was tutored by Giovanni Mazzuoli and accredited from him an early introduction to the works of Dante. In 1326 Boccaccio locomote to Naples with the family when his father was appointed to head the Neapolitan differentiate of his bank. Boccaccio was apprenticed to the bank, but it was a trade for which he had no affinity. He eventually per suaded his father to permit him study law of nature at the Studium in the city.For the side by side(p) six years Boccaccio studied canon law there. From there he pursued his interest in scientific and literary studies. His father introduced him to the Neapolitan noblesse and the French-influenced court of Robert the Wise in the 1330s. At this cadence he fell in love with a married daughter of King Robert of Naples (known as Robert the Wise) and she is immortalized as the character â€Å"Fiammetta” in many of Boccaccios prose romances, particularly Il Filocolo (1338).Boccaccio never married, but had lead children. Mario and Giulio were born in the 1330s. In the 1340s, Violente was born in Ravenna, where Boccaccio was a lymph gland of Ostasio I da Polenta from about 1345 through 1346. The Italian drop a liner Giovanni Boccaccio lived through the plague as it destroy the city of Florence in 1348. The experience inspired him to write The Decameron, a story of seven men and three women who escape the disease by fleeing to a villa outdoor(a) the city. In his introduction to the\r\n'

'Veteran’s Health Administration\r'

'The Sutter wellness interlocking (SHN) is a network of doctors, medical foundations, and hospitals found in Union California that offer a varied compart rationalisation of medical services and aver programs to the public. The SHN was ranked as the ninth largest health supervise system in the States in year 2009- based on their yearly revenue. The interlocking involves itself with their local community; special shell out is interpreted to keep their health c be cost down in order for their patients to get the beaver bid possible at low cost.\r\nwellness organizations regularly implement Federal Government Programs to execute health administer costs for their patients. The Sutter health Network is iodin of the health networks that have applied a Federal Program called the oldtimer’s Health Administration. The old geezer’s Health Administration (VHA) give ups force soulnel authorizedly in the military as well as the honorably discharged or retired soldi ers with high prime(prenominal) health kick and benefits bring in through their service.\r\nThese benefits include old care pertaining to their service, care for special disability veterans, OEF/OIF/OND care management, medicinal drug co pays, specialized medical programs, counseling services, prosthetic therapy and arresting aids, services for blind/visually impaired veterans, mental health care treatment, work restoration programs, treat home care, caregiver programs, and sexual trauma re sink iny. With the current economical recession, the tot up of veterans and military personnel who are now filing for Veterans’ Health Administration to cover their personal and family medical expenses has grown exponentially.\r\nThe Sutter Health Network accepts coverage from the VHA and permits most of these benefits and health programs included. They connect veterans with primary care medical students or specialists in a number of different fields, surgery centers, urgent med ical attention, antonymous medicine, mental health care, and hospice. Connecting veterans and persons still serving the army or navy with the health care facilitate they need increases the SHN’s revenue with each person they acquit.\r\nThis helps the patient prevent monetary consequences from health concerns and increases field of study savings, which benefits the Sutter Network in a financial and economic sense. â€Å"At Sutter Health, we believe our patients de religious service access to high-quality health careâ€regardless of their ability to pay or whether they have medical insurance. ” The Sutter Health Network complaint statement shows that they believe everyone deserves access to high-quality health care. They provide medical care for those in need, regardless if they stern financially cover the expenses or not.\r\nThe vision for their normal is to â€Å"enhance the well-being of people in the communities we serve through a not-for-profit commitmen t to compassion and virtue in health care services. ” They value community, innovation, affordability, compassion, caring, uprightness, and integrity. from each one year, Sutter Health invests millions of dollars back into its communities. In 2012 alone, the network of physician organizations, hospitals and other health care providers invested $795 million in health care programs, services and benefits for the poor and underserved and the broader community.\r\nThe SHN has donated thousands in support of the US military personnel and their families. In 2012, as a part of their commitment to assist those individuals, the SNH donated $25,000 to improving the lives of service men and women. The donation was disassemble between the Fisher House Foundation, to provide house for military families, and the River of Recovery, to support soldiers through recreational and reformation program. Sutter Health provides information for toll-free support helplines support groups, and ass ociations; which include National Peer Support, Veteran personal matters Suicide Hotline, VA Special Issues, and Military Pathways.\r\nPat Fry, the president and CEO of Sutter Health Network, was awarded the Patriot Award by the Employer Support of Guard and Reserve (ESGR) for demonstrating leadership in support of veterans, employees on active duty, and their families. One of the value the Sutter Health Network works to maintain is the excellence of their medical care and the high levels of safety for patients and doctors. The SHN implements motley forms of technology and personnel measures which are apply to alter their healthcare delivery.\r\nSepsis quarantine and streak is taken seriously. Multidisciplinary care teams participate in a sepsis summit to analyze detection strategies, system wide measures monitor and jumper cable sepsis outbreaks, and sepsis bundles (checklists and recommendations for health care providers) are being introduced in emergency departments, inte nsive care units, and medical-surgical units where most fearful cases of sepsis originate. Central-line infections and pressure ulcer prevention are recognized as serious hospital conditions and are taken seriously.\r\nIdentification of patients at risk for pressure ulcers, or â€Å"bed sores”, promotes early identification and treatment. Installation of pressure-relieving mattresses and support surfaces are used for patient comfort and safety. Central-line associated tune stream infections (CLABCI’s) are serious and can coiffe life-threatening situations. Medical caregivers in the SHN are extensively trained for awareness of CLABCI’s and how they are prevented. Since the CLABCI prevention was introduced in 2007, it is estimated that around 202 cases have been avoided.\r\nIn 2012, the SHN started the innovated modernistic Illness Management (AIM) program which reduces hospitalization quantify and health care costs. One person enrolled in the AIM program is Edward Fogarty of Rocklin, an 81-year-old Air Force Veteran who lives a fulfilling life while managing COPD (Chronic Obstructive pulmonary Disease) and heart problems. Through the SHN’s new program, Edward is provided quality at-home nursing and personal care that manages his health, medication, and care without having to be emitted to a hospital.\r\nKeeping updated with current health informatics improvements and newly released technologies is essential to providing superior care to patients. The SHN uses the recently applied electronic health care records which enable immediate and easy access to all relevant information of the patient including medical history and insurance. Sutter Health became the first health care system in the Western United States to bring two make out eICU centers online, allowing continuous monitoring of critically ill patients by advanced video and remote monitoring.\r\nIn one hospital, ICU mortality had been lowered a stupefying 17. 3 percen t from the year 2002, when the technology was employed, to 2004. Barcoding for medications and patients is a new and innovative development. Sutter Health is the first and only(prenominal) health care system so utmost in Northern California to implement this base of operations technology from Bridge Medical Center. A forefend code is added to a patient’s wristband, and troika separate codes are then input and used to match and monitor medication ordered by the over-seeing doctor, verifying that the patient receives the correct type and battery-acid amount.\r\nSutter Health’s bar-coding technology has prevented approximately 28,000 medication errors across more than 2. 6 million try drug administrations throughout 10 hospitals in its first 18 months alone. The Sutter Health Network provides the highest quality care possible for their all of their patients, including military veterans. They take care to stay current with health informatics trends and technologies in order to do so. The support they gain from employing the Veteran’s Health Administration help provide military personnel, past and present, with the medical support or assistance as needed.\r\n'

'Cursive Writing Essay\r'

' written piece of music is important beca employ the tactile discipline bear on in cursive theme is not piece in any other typography forms. The assimilator learns how to control writing tools which helps the learner master rules of formatting. When a assimilator is able to follow rules, he willing master creating his own repose of values. Cursive writing that entails more hand and eye coordination helps the student use varying skills. Cursive writing also coiffures optical talent of the nestling.\r\nWith proper cursive writing, note victorious which is a life skill will definitely be effective in helping the tiddler transform into a productive adult of society. III. enforce writing of garner e, l, g, q and i will stick out that the student has learned a, o, c and d. Words that butt be formed from these letters, that can be technical as well are; leg, eel, gel, quail, goal and glad. IV. belief activities that provide adequate modelling and oppportunities for prac tice. a. repeatitive cursive practice Cursive practice is often do apply the lined paper with blue, red and blue lines.\r\nThe child follows a dotted line to practice the letters in the first line. The dotted lines disappear as the practice progress. b. writing non- talking to A fun appearance to practice cursive writing of letters is imagining words that do not have meaning and writing it alternately with a partner. The more words the student can think of given a set of letters, the more practice will be done in a fun way. c. filling in the blanks This practice entails preparing sentences with blanks. The words will be written by the student in curive format. References: Berninger, V., & angstrom unit; Graham, S. (1998).\r\n spoken language by hand: A synthesis of a decade of research on handwriting. Handwriting Review, 12, 11-25. Connelly, V. , Dockrell, J. , & Barnett, J. (2005). The slow handwriting of undergraduate students constrains overall mathematical process in exa m essays. Educational Psychology, 25, 99-107. Edwards, L. (2003). Writing affirmation in kindergarten: Examining an emerging area of research for children with writing and reading difficulties. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36, 136. Zaner-Bloser, Inc. http://www. zaner-bloser. com/hypertext markup language/HWgen. html\r\n'

'Assessment Criteria Questions Essay\r'

'1\r\n1.1\r\n apologise how and why person-centred value mustiness find all aspects of health and tender shell out work.\r\n dissolving agent\r\nPerson-centred c be values must influence all aspects of health and social c be work. Health and social assistance should be ground on person-centred values, and should be separateised as this is a law requirement (Human Rights Act 1998, Health and cordial c atomic number 18 Act 2012, Codes of practice for Social commission Workers, etc.). If person-centre values that underpin all work in the health and social c atomic number 18 sector are followed as they should be then all several(prenominal)s should liveliness that and health and social histrions ensure that: • the one-on-one is support in accessing their works\r\n• the single is treated has an soul\r\n• the someone is supported to exercise choice\r\n• ensure the soulistic have privacy if they want it\r\n• support the person to be as ind ependent as come-at-able\r\n• treat all individuals with dignity and respect\r\n1\r\n1.2\r\nExplain how to evaluate the use of care throws in applying person centred values.\r\nAnswer\r\nWe must take into consider the history, needs, likees and preferences of all individuals when planning care and support. This involves asking the individuals their opinions on e very(prenominal) aspect of their daily lives, from what time they wish to get up and have their meals, to what they want to go and what do they wish to do during the day. Including their face-to-face hygienics and caring needs. Support and treat all supporter exploiters as individuals and with respect and dignity when considering their needs and preferences. list them to the care plan and if they do not tick off with something on their care plan, discuss this with them and then survey and record the conversation with the manager and it is arranged that the individual should be re-assessed and an updated car e plan disregard be made out with the swaps wanted by the individual.\r\n2\r\n2.3\r\nExplain how you adapt your actions and approaches in response to an individual’s changing needs or preferences.\r\nAn individual care plan is created in check intoment and with the individuals hope and will have recorded lots of selective information regarding the individual, age, family details, likes and dislikes, health needs, culture, intellectual health and circumstances. The care plan will need to be reviewed frequently; delinquent to changes in the individual’s needs or preferences and any subsequent reviews will also be signed and agreed by him/herself. By including the persons personal values in their care plan you are ensuring that their needs and preferences are met.\r\n3\r\n3.1\r\nAnalyse factors that influence the capacity of an individual to express admit.\r\nAnswer\r\nThe circumstance â€Å"consent capacity” describes an adult’s qualification to un derstand information relevant to make an informed, impulsive decision. Impairments to reasoning and judgment which may make it out(predicate) for someone to take place back informed consent admit such(prenominal) factors as basic intellectual or emotional immaturity, high levels of stress such as PTSD or as severe mental retardation, severe mental illness, intoxication, severe sleep deprivation, Alzheimer’s disease, or cosmos in a coma.\r\n3\r\n3.3\r\nExplain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established.\r\nAnswer\r\nIf the person cannot slide by consent both because they cannot beam or understand the interrogative sentence then the next of kin can give consent (usually in the order of spouses, parents, children, if there is no-one or in case of emergencies treating staff can give.\r\n4\r\n4.1\r\n soak up different ways of applying active booking to meet individual needs.\r\n restless fellowship is a way of working that recognises an individualâ₠¬â„¢s right to participate in the activities and relationships of everyday life as severally as possible; the individual is regarded as an active partner in their experience care or support, rather than a passive recipient. Active participation treats the person as an individual, allowing the go user to actively participate in the decision making regarding his/her own care, activities and relationships of everyday life as independently as possible. In active participation the individual has as an active part in their own care, rather than just being a recipient, this promotes and protects their freedom and rights.\r\n4\r\n4.2\r\nExplain how to work with an individual and others to agree how active participation will be implemented.\r\nAnswer\r\nIt involves the individuals in making decisions about their lives. Active participation totals to better health outcomes and the quality of care being delivered. Giving the individual the choice of what to wear, what to eat, when and wher e to eat it; what the individual would like to do as an activity either with company or by him/herself. This promotes independence, inclusion and indecorum and benefits the individuals by increasing their activity levels and encourages involvement in what directly concerns their life. Being fully involved in these tasks enhances the individual’s wellbeing, increases self-confidence, self-esteem and self-belief.\r\n5\r\n5.4\r\nDescribe how to support an individual to question or quarrel decisions concerning them that are made by others.\r\nAnswer\r\nBy providing the individual with full information on a decision made without being biased/ judgmental in any way ensures the individual has the friendship to be able to question or take exception any decisions made by others with the view to change then by fully supporting the individual’s rights a meeting to discuss these changes can be arranged with the manager and a seek assessment process could be used to enable the individual to make these changes\r\n6\r\n6.1\r\nExplain the links between identity operator, self-image and self-esteem.\r\nAnswer\r\nIdentity and self-esteem are closely related and developing self-esteem and a strong sense of identity are very important to good mental health. Your sense of identity has to do with who you think you are and how you perceive yourself. It’s about how you define yourself. Self-esteem is how you value yourself. It has to do with your sense of self-worth. Both affect your mental health, your conduct and how you relate to other people.\r\n6\r\n6.2\r\nAnalyse factors that contribute to the well-being of individuals.\r\nAnswer\r\nSpiritual †factors that enrich lives and meet people and are uplifting on a deep level such as religion, practice of medicine and art.\r\nEmotional †factors such as close bonds with family and friends, adroit memories, having photos etc\r\nCultural †factors that respect the individual’s likes choic es and preferences and that give them a sense of what is normal to them.\r\nReligious †factors such as attending church or mosque or visits from their local religious leaders, being able to stay fresh religious celebrations, having a quiet place to supplicate etc\r\nSocial †factors such as opportunities to be with others, to communicate with others, to share in a group experience.\r\npolitical †factors such as being involved and having a say in what is befalling or should happen in their environment, having their opinions respected etc.\r\n7\r\n7.1\r\n comparability different uses of seek assessment in health and social care.\r\nAnswer\r\n7\r\n7.2\r\nExplain how risk-taking and risk assessment relate to rights and\r\nresponsibilities.\r\nAnswer\r\nWe all need to take risks in order to have a fulfilled life. Individuals have the right to be as independent as possible and sometimes this substance taking risks. For example they might want to be able to take a bath w ith as little support as possible and this is their right. A risk assessment will provide a plan for the safest way for them to do this. Responsibilities lay with the service provider, the worker and the individual. The service provider has a work of care to ensure the safety of the individual and employees, the worker has the duty to follow policies, procedures and care plans and not to coiffe the individual at risk and the individual has the duty not to put others at risk.\r\n7\r\n7.3\r\nExplain why risk assessments need to be on a regular basis revised.\r\nAnswer\r\nRisk assessments need to be on a regular basis revised because things change all the time, thus your risks are changing all the time. In order to keep the service users healthy and safe, you must review risks in a timely manner to keep up with the changes.\r\nThe above is an accurate record of the questioning.\r\nLearner soupcon:Date:\r\nAssessor signature:Date:\r\n immanent Verifier signature (if sampled):________ ___________ Date:_________________\r\n'

'Of Mice and Men and Oliver Twist Essay\r'

'Of mice and men written by John Steinbeck is bent in 1930 du promise the economic first gear caused by the stock market crash of 1929.\r\n contradictory Oliver Twist, Of mice and men is set in USA, near the Salinas River, in the hot and beautiful state of California.\r\nOn the new(prenominal) hand, Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist is set in the stringy and the majestic city of capital of the United Kingdom, over-ruled with darkness and murky taint brought ab prohibited by what was the industrial revolution in 1870, when the figment was set.\r\nThe Industrial revolution really imputes the altogether evil and darkness of London into a stern which adds to the sinister acts that unveil themselves as the novel progresses.\r\nThe 2 briny characters of of mice and men atomic number 18 two migrant agricultural labourers, George Milton and Lennie Smalls.\r\nGeorge, ‘Small and quick, dark of face, with restless eye and sharp strong features.\r\nE actually part of him … defined : small, strong hands, slender arms and a issue bony face.’\r\nThe second part of an un c arly affinity between these two friends is Lennie, who is a ‘large man, unformed of face, with large, pale eyes, with wide sloping shoulders.’\r\nGeorge is Lennies’ guardian, because of his ‘mental immaturity’ he is totally reliant on Georges leading and commanding federal agency, over of which he follows.\r\nIn my opinion, without George, Lennie would any be dead or locked up in jail, as a result of him doing stupid acts.\r\nIt is humorous that Lennies’ surname is Small, because of his huge size of it, ‘Bear’ like as the author describes.\r\nIn the time of which of mice and men is set, thither is lots of tension. Social classes, women, people who suffer from racism all suffer at the kindred get d declare during this period.\r\nCrooks is the besides black man In this novel, and it is through with(predicat e) and through him that we can ingest the position of blacks in America.\r\nCrooks, is gimpy because he got kicked by a horse, he has his knowledge little room, away from the rest of the ‘hands’.\r\nThe former(a) hands openly refer to Crooks as ‘ ringtail’, this example directly amplifies the life and times of the dingy Americans at this time.\r\nWomen are also represented through Curleys’ married woman. Curleys’ wife is peerless quarter of an unhappy marriage.\r\nThe an separate(prenominal) three quarters of the marriage is Curley, the bosses sun, who has full power of his wife and tells her what to do constantly.\r\nSteinbeck deliberately doesn’t crumple Curleys’ wife a name, this representing the insignificance and illustrates ownership over women at this time.\r\nCurleys’ Wife doesn’t really love Curley, and didn’t really marry him because of love.\r\nShe married him to prove a point to her mother, who destroyed the relationship she did have with the atomic number 53 she did love.\r\nShe admitted, that marrying him was a Way Out.\r\nCurley’s wife is an ambitious, flirtatious, total looking, puppylike women, who the ranch hands try to usher out and avoid.\r\nShe is trapped in loneliness, in Curleys’ wrath, she is where she isn’t loved, and her only alternative is to make the most out of what she has got.\r\n‘ ain’t I got a beneficial to babble out to nobody? Whatta they think I am, anyways? You’re a nice guy. I don’t complete why I can’t sing to you †I ain’t doin’ no ravish to you.’\r\nPrevious to the reach, in the barn.\r\nThere, in my opinion, is a pecking order at the ranch, and at the bottom lies Curleys’ wife and Crooks, two characters treated insignificantly and are discriminated due to their companionable classes, a women and a black.\r\nIn California, the setting for thi s novel, the tune and the surroundings is very harsh and tough for the workers.\r\nThe military strength and behaviour of the workers in the novel reflect this well.\r\nFor the workers, in that location was no cash benefit for the workers, so If they dawdle their job then they have to do without and chief(prenominal)ly starve.\r\nThe law, I learned is enforced well, but strangely enough, without any force as we never see any police during the novel.\r\nCalifornia is described highly well, it is very interestingly described too, this appeals to the reader and gives the novel a very bright and happy start. The first few pages focus on the setting and commentate on all the happenings that go on, this builds a ace of reality.\r\nSteinbeck was born and raised in California, near Salinas, so he had an advantage when attempting to describe it as he can relate to it very well.\r\nOliver Twist is nearly exactly the opposite in comparison. It is a very dark novel. London at this time set the scene for the monstrosities that happened and the events that took place. You could close to guess what was to expect when indication the first few pages of Oliver Twist, but to do the same with Of mice and men would be completely different. Of Mice and Men starts on a high, very bright and colourful, but it changes contrasts and frightful happenings crowd the last few chapters of the novel.\r\nThe two main characters in Oliver Twist are Oliver and Fagin. Oliver is a young orphan, brought into the then cruel world by an unusual mother.\r\nFagin, is an ‘Un-human’ man, whose features are aged and ugly. He is a ring leader of a gang of thieves that rob the city of London of valuable possessions, such as money, watches and gold.\r\nThe artful Dodger is Fagins’ keen apprentice, willing to learn, who knows all the tricks of the trade, a master of theft and scams.\r\nBill Sikes, Fagins’ second man, is a ruthless cut throat man, whose large size and ag gressive attributes add to the murder later on in the novel.\r\nThe two murderers, Lennie and Sikes have many similarities.\r\nfor the first time Sikes and Lennie are two large and intimidating men, who’s leader is considerably smaller than them. Secondly, they both vex orders and are followers to their two leaders.\r\nAlthough Sikes doesn’t ingest commands off Fagin to an extent where he cannot survive without him, like Lennie, one part of the story he does.\r\nThis is the main event that leads up to the murder of Nancy. In the early hours of the morning, when all the human and civilised world is asleep, London is awake.\r\nFagin is awake in his chair. Waiting.\r\nSikes enters with the loot that he has stolen from peoples houses.\r\nFagin starts to blether about Nancy, Sikes’ girlfriend. He goes on and explains that Nancy could be a leak and could tell on them to the police.\r\nFagin, knowing that Sikes has the mordacity and the qualification of murder, beg ins to perform reverse psychology. He knows that if he pulls the right strings that Sikes could do anything for him.\r\nSikes quite easily locomote into Fagins’ mastermind trap, as if he had been brainwashed or hypnotised, he is now going to commit Fagins’ murder for him.\r\nSikes goes to where Nancy is sleeping and severely shouts and screams at her. This traumatises her, to the extent where she doesn’t know what is going on. This makes Nancy vulnerable, and this is where Sikes commits his brutal and sick try on her.\r\nWe can tell, respectable by information these several lines of the story, the evil and cunningness of Sikes.\r\nHe continuously beat out Nancy to death with a wooden stick.\r\nLeaning up top the murder of Curleys’ wife, which was by far not as hellacious and as horrific as this, Lennie was minding his own business and was in the barn, calmly shot one of Slims pups.\r\nNot knowing his own strength Lennie by luck killed the pup.\r\nLe nnie began to become sad and at the same time, angry. He repeatedly thought about George not let him tend the rabbits, at the home of which the whole is ideate is based around.\r\nâ€Å"An’ he’ll say : â€Å"Now just for that you ain’t gunna tend no rabbits.”\r\nLennie put the pup in the straw, and began to talk to himself, moaning the death of the pup.\r\nCurleys wife enters and begins to flirt with Lennie, who confesses to her liking for stroking nice things.\r\nShe invites him to separatrix her long soft hair, but as the stroking becomes harder, she panics; the harder he strokes the more she panics and then Lennie accidentally breaks her neck. He half-buries the body in the hay and runs off to the brush.\r\nAs you can tell, both the two murders are of a totally different nature. In of mice and men, the murder was unexpected, and didn’t really fit into the surrounding story, On the other hand, In Oliver Twist, a murder was almost inevitable. S ikes’ was a premeditated murder, as he had thought it out and planned the whereabouts etc. Lennies was out of the blue, an accident incomplete him or anyone else could of prevented.\r\nThe setting of the two murders, also are totally different. The murder of Curleys wife was in the barn, in the sunny and hot state of California. The murder of Nancy was in the grimy claustrophobic city of London.\r\nThe descriptions in the stories of the murders, are again totally opposite.\r\nIn Oliver Twist, Dickens almost runs a post-mortem on the body, and describes Sikes’ moves in detail afterward the murderer.\r\nIn of mice and men, however, Steinbeck runs a bleak vague compend on the happenings.\r\n'

'Muhannad – Arabia, in 600CE Essay\r'

'In Arabia, in 600CE, two heavy(p) tribes c both(prenominal)ed the Quaraish and the Hanifs populate a sacred city cognize as Makkah. The most important tribe in Makkah at this date were the Quaraish. The Quaraish consisted of merchants who had control over the Ka’bah (an quaint temple) and Makkah’s water supply. This tribe organised vindication for the merchants who triggerled finished Makkah. The Quaraish do profit place of the traders who guide oned through Makkah and the provisions given to pilgrims who came at that place to contain and worship the idols.\r\nThe Hanifs were the other major tribe who inhabited Makkah. They consisted of moral tribesmen who despised the Quaraish’s selfishness and greed for money.\r\nThis conclave of heap were very holy and believed that there m dodderyiness precisely be one idol. They believed that this one com homophileding Power created everyone and everything and the worship of idols was an insult to him. The y detested people’s fealty to icons of different idols such as Al-Lat (the life reputation-force).\r\nThe Hanif’s were sacred people who imploreed regularly and often sought solitude to worship idol. They believed that this one beau ideal had sent prophets such as Moses to Earth to establish and purify people’s totalitys and fuck off them mingyr to God.\r\nMUHAMMAD’S EARLY LIFE\r\nMuhammad was grand watchword of Abd-al-Muttalib. Abd-al-Muttalib was a member of the Hanif’, and a man famous for his devotion to God and for his visions. His son, Abdullah, married a adult female c anyed Aminah, who was concisely pregnant with his child when Abdullah all at once died. The child that was born(p) was heeld Muhammad.\r\nWhen Muhammad was born he was given to a Bedouin woman called Halimah as all Quaraish children at that time were. This was through with(p) so that children would be brought up away from the ailment and impurities in the air in the city. At the over geezerhoodd age of six Muhammad was returned to Aminah who proceeded to die later that course.\r\nLuckily Muhammad’s disposed grandfather, Abd-al-Muttalib, took him in and cared for him until he died two solar daylights after that. Now Muhammad was passed onto his uncle, Abu Talib, who was a wealthy merchant. subsisting under the care of his uncle, Muhammad became a loyal and life-threatening-working shepherd.\r\nLEGENDS\r\n many another(prenominal) legends have been created near Muhammad and his life. These legends were created to make Muhammad opine greater and more powerful than he was. During his lifetime, Muhammad disapproved of all these myths about him and denied all of them.\r\nOne of the legends about Muhammad was that he had his heart removed from his body by two ideals. They thence weighed his heart over against other men but so far out with the whole community’s hearts weighed against his, his placid weighed the most .\r\nMuhammad insisted that he did not and could not perform miracles; he was just a devoted follower of God.\r\nMUHAMMAD’S PERSONALITY\r\nMuhammad grew up to be a thoughtful young man who was kind and decisive. He constantly impressed the merchants that he worked with including Khadijah, a wealthy leave behind who employed Muhammad to supervise her caravan trade. When Muhammad was just 25 old age old, Khadijah asked him to marry her; he true. Despite Khadijah world 15 years older than Muhammad, she became the love of his life until her death 25 years later. During her lifetime, Khadijah stood by Muhammad all the way and supported him in every manageable means. When she died she left Muhammad with four daughters, Zainab, Ruqaiyyah, Umm Kulthum and Fatimah. Muhammad’s two sons, Qasim and Abdullah, unluckily both died in infancy.\r\nZaid ibn Haritha, the slave boy of the household, was devoted to Muhammad. When Zaid’s father found him after years of search ing, he offered to buy him back. Muhammad left the choice of what to do up to Zaid himself, and he decided to closure with Muhammad. Muhammad was so touched by Zaid ibn Haritha’s decision to stay with him that Muhammad immediately released him and adopted him as his own son.\r\nAli, son of Muhammad’s uncle, Abu Talib, was another child in the household. Muhammad chose to look after Ali when Abu Talib fell under hard quantify.\r\nTHE iniquity OF POWER\r\nIn the year 610CE, Muhammad was once again meditating during Ramadan when an event happened which changed his life forever. Muhammad was 40 years old at the time and was praying alone in a cave on Mount Hira when he suddenly heard a voice calling his name and commanding him to proclaim or recite. Unfortunately Muhammad was unenlightened and could not evidence the ringlet butterfly of silk which he truism ahead of him. Suddenly the holy man Jibril appeared to him. This was the same nonesuch who had appeared to prophet Ibrahim and to Mary and Jesus in times past.\r\nNow Jibril was near to Muhammad and he ordered him to read the writing on the scroll. Muhammad told the angel that he could not read the writing for he was unlettered, but the angel ordered him again and again to read the scroll and Muhammad began to feel the tension building up within him. Suddenly he felt something seize him, it gripped him so tightly that he could not breathe and he thought he would die. But suddenly Muhammad knew in his heart what the words said, and he whispered them huskily:\r\n‘Proclaim! In the name of your Lord and upholder who created Man from a clot of congealed blood, sp unbalanced these words aloud! Your lord is the Most chivalrous One â€\r\nHe who has taught the Pen,\r\nWho reveals directly\r\nThings beyond human being knowledge.’\r\nMuhammad had been chosen as a messenger of God because he was a devout man who hero-worship the Lord. After Muhammad received this essence he had to await 2 years until he received another. This was God’s way of testing Muhammad and seeing whether he would be tempted to allege everyone about what he had seen.\r\nWhen Muhammad reached ingleside after his shocking apocalypse, he told his wife, Khadijah, about what had happened. She went to her clean 100-year-old cousin, Waraqa ibn Nufal, for advice and after he was quite sure that Muhammad’s story was truthful, Khadijah became the first person to believe the message Muhammad revealed. The second person to believe Muhammad’s story was Ali, the next was Zaid and the next person to believe him was his closely friend Abu Bakr.\r\nTwo years later, Muhammad was quiet down horrible and anxious about what the message might mean, when the angel Jibril appeared to him again.\r\nThe angel said to him:\r\n‘O you wrapped †boot out and warn!\r\nGlorify God! Make your garments unmixed! Give up all uncleanness. Give, without expecting any return. For the sake of your Lord, endure with patience!’\r\nNow that Muhammad’s time of waiting was over, he could go out and tell everyone about the messages he was receiving.\r\nTHE REVELATIONS\r\nMost of the messages that Muhammad received from God after the darkness of Power came to him in visions. They all shared the following similarities:\r\n†Muhammad knew when they were about to happen.\r\n†Each manifestation was attended by dramatic phenomena, such as shaking or trances.\r\n†Each one make the prophet feel close to death and that he was leaving his body and he might not re-enter it.\r\n†At the end of each revelation Muhammad would appear as usual again and he would repeat what he had been taught.\r\nSometimes Muhammad would lose reason during his visions. Sometimes he would receive the message at present and sometimes Jibril appeared to Muhammad in the form of a man to transmit messages (not in visions).\r\nABU TALIB AND KHADIJAH\r\nWhen Muhammad was 50 years old his uncle Abu Talib died. Abu Talib had looked after Muhammad all his life and had stuck by him even when many hated him. Muhammad had forever been very close to his uncle who had protected him when he was vulnerable and his death made him depressed and very unhappy.\r\nAt the end of this saddening year his beloved wife Khadijah also died at the age of 64.\r\nAlthough Muhammad was deeply upset by their deaths, he accepted that everyone dies eventually and he tried to carry on preaching in God’s name.\r\nTHE nighttime JOURNEY\r\nIt was probably during this traumatic witness that Muhammad had an experience which changed his life forever. The Night Journey (or Laylat-ul-Mi’raj) was not enter very accurately in the Qur’an and it is therefore hard to know exactly what happened in this event.\r\nWhen the prophet was sleepy in his home in Makkah he was awoken by the angel Jibril. Muhammad then went with Jibril to Jerusalem riding on some kind of a Pegasus called Lightning.\r\nFrom Jerusalem, Jibril took Muhammad through the sevensome heavens and was shown paradise and hell. On his way through the heavens, Muhammad met and spoke to other prophets such as Isa and Musa. With Musa, Muhammad decided and set the number of times a day a Muslim should pray to God. It was finally restore at 5 times a day although Muhammad originally thought 50 times was a sufficient amount.\r\n horizontaltually the prophet Muhammad travelled on with Jibril to the highest heaven of all: the throne of God. When he arrived here, neither Muhammad nor the angel could approach any closer and he experienced a sensation which he neer again felt or could describe properly. either he could see was pure light and he was aware only of great peace as time smoothed and thoughts and feelings disappeared.\r\nThe experience soon ended though and Muhammad had to once again travel to Earth. To Muhammad’s astonishment, when he got home, he found that everyth ing had remained exactly as he had left it. The place he had previously lain was so far warm and the cup he had knocked over was still emptying.\r\nThis experience brought great confidence and strength to Muhammad and it encourage him to carry on with the knowledge that God was always with him.\r\nMuslims believe that this night was one of great importance, as it showed them what the ascension to Heaven would be like. It showed them that the soul abandons the fragile and dishonest nature of the human body and you travel to a place where only pure triumph is possible.\r\nMUHAMMAD’S DEATH\r\nIn 632CE, Muhammad fell ill with a fever and violent headaches. He was only 63 but he became weak and tired. He asked his wives if he could be moved into his youngest wife, Aishah’s room. Even though he was feeble he still attempted to reach the praying place outside every day until his death. When he could not lead the prayers anymore, his cracking friend Abu Bakr took his plac e.\r\nOn his last day on Earth, Muhammad, after leading the dawn prayer, lay in Aishah’s arm and said, â€Å"Lord grant me pardon. I have chosen the most exalted company, in paradise”; then he died.\r\nMuhammad was buried where he died, in Aishah’s room, and his tomb is still there even today.\r\nISLAM\r\nThe religion known as Islam was begun by Muhammad and it is still continued today. Since that day when Muhammad went on The Night Journey, Muslims have kept the number of times to pray each day at 5 times.\r\n every Muslims believe that God is responsible for every break off of human life and he knows and sees all. Every Muslim tries to lead a peaceful life and pass the test set for all souls on Earth.\r\n'